Ladies Gifts Biography
(Source google.com)
The Imperial Princess Gulbadan Begum was a
Perso-Turkic Princess, the daughter of Emperor Babur of India , she is
most known as the author of Humayun Nama, the account of the life of her
half-brother, Humayun. Later, her nephew, Prince Jalal-ud-Dīn ascended the
imperial throne as Emperor Akbar the Great. She was also the paternal aunt of
Akbar's chief consort, Empress Ruqaiya Sultan Begum. Her name means literally "with a body like a rose
flower" in Persian. She was a descendant of the lines of highest Central
Asian aristocracy: Timur through his son Miran Shah, and Genghis Khan through
his son Chagatai Khan. Her mother was Dildar Begum and she was half-sister to
Humayun, the second Mughal emperor.
She also finds reference throughout, Akbarnama, the Book of
Akbar, written by Abul Fazal, and much of her biographical details are
accessible through the work. When Princess Gulbadan was born her father had been lord in Kabul for 19 years; he was master also in Kunduz and
Badakhshan, had held Bajaur and Swat since 1519, and Qandahar
for a year. During 10 of those 19 years he had been styled "padshah",
in token of headship of the house of Timur and of his independent sovereignty.
Two years later Babur set out on his last expedition across theIndus to conquer
an empire in India .
Gulbadan Begum was brought to India
at the age of six, was married at 17, and had at least one son. Gulbadan's
siblings included her elder brother, Hindal Mirza, and two elder sisters, the
princesses: Gulrang Begum andGulchehra Begum, while her younger brother Alwar
Mirza, died in childhood. Among her siblings, Gulbadan was very close to her
brother, Hindal Mirza.
In 1540 Humayun lost the kingdom that his father Babur had
established in India to Sher
Shah Suri, an upstart from Bihar . With only
his pregnant wife, one female attendant and a few loyal supporters, Humayun
first fled to Lahore , and then later to Kabul . He was in exile
for the next fifteen years in Afghanistan
and Persia .
Gulbadan Begum went to live in Kabul
again. Her life, like all the other Mughal women of the harem, was intricately
intertwined with three Mughal kings – her father Babur, brother Humayun and
nephew Akbar. Two years after Humayun re-established the Delhi Empire, she
accompanied other Mughal women of the harem back to Agra at the behest of Akbar, who had begun
his rule.Akbar commissioned Gulbadan Begum to chronicle the story of his father
Humayun. He was fond of his aunt and knew of her storytelling skills. It was
fashionable for the Mughals to engage writers to document their own reigns
(Akbar’s own history, Akbarnama, was written by the well-known Persian scholar
Abul Fazl). Akbar asked his aunt to write whatever she remembered about her
brother’s life. Gulbadan Begum took the challenge and produced a document
titled Ahwal Humayun Padshah Jamah Kardom Gulbadan Begum bint Babur Padshah
amma Akbar Padshah. It came to be known as Humayun-nama. Gulbadan wrote in
simple Persian without the erudite language used by better-known writers. Her
father Babur had written Babur-namain the same style and she took his cue and
wrote from her memories. Unlike some of her contemporary writers, Gulbadan
wrote a factual account of what she remembered, without embellishment. What she
produced not only chronicles the trials and tribulations of Humayun’s rule, but
also gives us a glimpse of life in the Mughal harem. It is the only surviving
writing penned by a woman of Mughal royalty in the 16th century. The memoir had
been lost for several centuries and what has been found is not well preserved,
poorly bound with many pages missing. It also appears to be incomplete, with
the last chapters missing. There must have been very few copies of the
manuscript, and for this reason it did not receive the recognition it deserved.
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